Laryngeal Mask

A laryngeal mask (also known as a laryngeal mask airway, or LMA) is a medical device used to maintain an open airway during anesthesia or in emergency situations where a person is unable to breathe on their own. It is designed to be inserted into the throat, sitting above the vocal cords, and providing a clear airway for breathing or mechanical ventilation.
Key features:
1- Insertion: The device is inserted into the patient's airway through the mouth or nose and positioned in the pharynx. Unlike endotracheal tubes, it doesn't go into the trachea (windpipe).
2- Usage: It is commonly used during general anesthesia, as an alternative to the endotracheal tube, or for patients who need assisted ventilation in critical care settings.
3- Design: The LMA consists of a silicone or rubber mask connected to a tube. The mask forms a seal around the laryngeal inlet, and the tube can be connected to a breathing machine if necessary.
4- Advantages: LMA placement is generally easier and less invasive compared to endotracheal intubation, and it can be used in situations where intubation is difficult or impractical.
Types of Laryngeal Masks:
Classic LMA: The original version, used in most routine anesthesiology and emergency settings.
ProSeal LMA: An advanced version that offers a better seal and the ability to facilitate positive pressure ventilation.
Fastrach LMA: Designed for use in difficult airway situations and can be used for tracheal intubation if needed.